The oil geology feature of Vienna Basin was summarized and potential of exploration was discussed by analysising the strata of Vienna Basin and fracture development characteristics. Vienna Basin is a pull-apart basin located between the East Alps and West Carpathian. Its basement is composed of the Hercynian Bohemian Massif and Paleozoic and Mesozoic strata. The tectonic evolution can be divided into three stages, including Jurassic extensional rifting, Cretaceous-Early Miocene over-thrusting and Middle Miocene pull-parting stage. There are three structural lays from top to bottom, Jurassic-Cretaceous autochthonous, Permian-Paleogene allochthonous Alpine nappes and Neogene sediments. There are two sets of source rocks: the upper Jurassic marls and Paleogene shale, among which, the Upper Jurassic Kimmeridgian Malmian marls are considered to be the major source rocks. Reservoirs occur at various horizons from Triassic to Neogene Miocene strata, among which, the most important reservoirs are Miocene sandstones that deposit in shallow-water delta environment and contain 76% of all reserves, and the minor reservoirs are the Triassic dolosparite. Neogene shales provide the regional top-seal. After evaluation, it is considered that Mesozoic allochthonous napps (flysch turbidite and Triassic dolomite) and Mesozoic autochthonous succession (the second and the third structural layer) are the most prospective for exploration.